Your DNA: Sports & Body Mass Index

Sports influence on BMI:

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measurement based on an individual's weight and height that can be used as a simple way to classify body weight ranges considered to carry health risks. Using a formula that divides weight in kilograms by height in meters squared, BMI can be put into the following categories: 

• Underweight (below 18.5)
• Healthy weight (18.5-24.9)
• Overweight (25-29.9)
• Obese (30 and above)

Physical activity has been shown to significantly impact BMI by enhancing muscle growth and fat loss, leading to a healthier body composition. For instance, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training are both effective workouts that can burn body fat and therefore potentially lower BMI.

Genetics, and more particularly variants of the FTO gene, have a major influence on how powerful exercise and physical activity can be in modulating BMI. In fact, individuals carrying certain FTO gene variations may experience superior benefits from physical activity when it comes to reducing BMI compared to those without these variations. 

Known to be strongly correlated with fat mass and obesity, the FTO gene affects how the body processes calories and stores fat, making some people more likely to gain weight with the same diet and exercise as others. For example, variants in this gene can alter your hunger and satiety signals, potentially leading to higher calorie intake and weight gain.

This genetic finding highlights the importance of individualized fitness programs that address one's genetic profile for optimal weight management and health results.